Perhaps the most important
advantage of IRAs as a savings instrument is that they offer important
tax advantages--either now or later.
The two basic types of
IRAs are traditional and Roth. Traditional IRAs are divided into
tax-deductible and nondeductible types. Contributions to Roth IRAs
are not tax-deductible, but their earnings can be distributed tax-free
if certain conditions are met. All of this makes a difference when
owners or beneficiaries begin withdrawing the funds. For a primer
on the basic provisions of IRAs, see IRS (Internal Revenue Service)
publication 590.
How much
can I contribute?
For 2005 through 2007, the contribution limit for both Roth and
traditional IRAs is the smaller of either $4,000 or your taxable
compensation for the year. If you are age 50 or older, that limit
rises to the smaller of your taxable compensation for the year or
$4,500 (2005) or $5,000 (2006 and 2007). The amount a member can
contribute to Roth IRAs is phased out based on the member’s
taxable income. A member who attains age 70 ½ by the end
of a year cannot make regular contributions to traditional IRAs
for that year.
What kind
of IRA is best for me?
The advantage of a traditional IRA is that it may provide a tax
deduction for the year. If you are in the 25% tax bracket and contribute
$4,000 to a traditional IRA, you reap an immediate $1,000 in tax
savings. But the IRS considers the entire $4,000 plus all earnings
taxable when you withdraw the money. The tax deduction of a member
who participates in a retirement plan or whose spouse participates
in a retirement plan is phased out based on the member’s taxable
income.
A Roth IRA, by contrast,
offers no immediate tax advantage, but all earnings can be tax-free
at withdrawal. If the requirements for tax-free distribution are
met, all proceeds come to you with no tax liability. Therefore,
if you expect to reap substantial earnings on your IRA investment
over time, the Roth option might be preferable. If you need the
tax advantage immediately, a traditional IRA might be best. Remember:
The basic purpose of an IRA is to provide financial security in
the future.
Can my spouse
participate?
Yes. If your husband or wife does not have a paying job, you can
make a contribution in his or her name each year.
The bottom
line...
In the three decades since it was first introduced, the IRA has
become a popular and flexible tool to help Americans prepare for
their future financial security. It offers a host of options designed
to meet the needs of a variety of lifestyles and circumstances,
and can make the difference between just getting by and living the
retirement life of your dreams. But because the rules regarding
IRAs can be tricky, it’s a good idea to check with a financial
pro at Bronco Federal Credit Union as you develop your plan.